Freedom Of Speech And The Internet Essays - Pornography Law

Freedom Of Speech And The Internet The United States of America was founded over two hundred years ago on the basis of freedom. Freedoms, which were wrote into, and are yet a part of the Constitution of the United States. Under the First Amendment of the Constitution, many freedoms are granted to the citizens of this great nation. Such freedoms as those of speech, religion, press, petition, and assembly are granted to all free citizens. But, where do our freedoms begin and end when it comes to the Internet? How can a small group of individuals regulate an entity that is much larger than its jurisdiction? Who is responsible for deciding what is considered ?proper for viewing? to users? With so many regulations and rules governing the Internet, what happened to that right granted to us in the First Amendment? With all these rules and codes of conduct, one begins to wonder if the First Amendment gives us the freedoms it so justly states, or if we are just too ignorant to stand up and fight for the rights granted to us by the Constitution (Constitution). Freedom of speech, on the Internet, has endured several battles throughout its recent history. In 1997, the Supreme Court has once already ruled in favor of freedom of speech in cyberspace. This ruling was in response to charges, which were brought up to a federal judge, involving the Communications Decency Act (CDA). The federal judge found for the defendant, stating that the CDA was unconstitutional. After appealing to the Supreme Court, the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) took to the defense once again, fighting for the freedom of speech in the matter at hand. With their primary defense centered on the First Amendment, the Supreme Court ruled the act unconstitutional by a majority vote. This landmark decision sets the stage for future fights for the freedom of speech on and off of the Internet (Supreme Court). The Internet has also been of controversy when it comes to monitoring or blocking sites, which are deemed dangerous to minors. In another recent court case, a public library offering public Internet access had blocking software installed, restricting sites considered harmful to minors, limiting perfectly good

Ocean Dumping Essays - Waste, Aquatic Ecology, Marine Debris

Ocean Dumping Essays - Waste, Aquatic Ecology, Marine Debris Ocean Dumping Ocean Dumping The practice of ocean dumping should be banned. Marine pollution is at the heart of interest in todays search for a clean environment. Not only does ocean dumping add to the unsightliness of the once beautiful and pristine waters; it also kills the marine life which inhabits those waters. Pollution on a grand-scale is wreaking havoc on the Earth. The ocean is not an exception. In 1996, a bill, which would ban the dumping of dredge spoils in the Long Island Sound, was submitted in congress by Michael Forbes (Freedman). At that time, Congressman Forbes predicted that all dumping in the United States would end in the foreseeable future. He sees ocean dumping ending in the 21st century (Freeman). Unfortunately, ocean dumping is the least expensive way to dispose of dredged materials and other pollutants (Freeman). Although an uphill battle, ocean dumping should be outlawed altogether. In New York City, proposed building of treatment plants was conceptualized (Murphy). This allowed an alternative to ocean dumping; since ocean court decisions and legislation (Murphy) had banned dumping. The sludge may be transported to other states for use as fertilizer (Murphy). Treatment plants are less of an eyesore than pollutants in the ocean. Unfortunately, no one wants a treatment facility in his back yard. Many miles of beaches have been closed over the years, due to ocean dumping. For communities where beaches are tourist attractions, this causes devastating economic consequences. At one point, medical debris washed ashore (Bauman). Congress passed a law at that time that banned the dumping of sewage into the ocean (Bauman). In 1987, an international agreement was signed and a national law was enacted to prevent ocean dumping (Miller). As late as 1995, ocean dumping continued to remain a serious threat (Miller). Tons of trash continued to pollute the nations beaches. The trash not only threatens marine life; it also threatens the lives of humans (Miller). There was no national plan for managing vessel waste. Enforcement powers for ocean dumping is spread among several agencies. This severely hampered the situation. The Marie Conservation Volunteers scoured more than 95,000 miles of United States coastlines on September 16, 1995 (Miller). More than 140,000 volunteers were involved in this campaign (Miller). In 1994, over 2.8 million pounds of trash were picked up off of lakes, estuaries, and ocean beaches (Miller). This shows that the problem of ocean dumping is not a small one. This is a huge environmental problem. The Environmental Protection Agency should require ocean waste-management plans, in addition to those that have been created for land (Miller). Plastic particles, particularly six-pack rings, are damaging to marine animals. When ingested, plastic is harmful to marine animals. Discarded fishing gear leads to a high mortality rate among birds, fish, turtles, whales, and dolphins (Miller). Unfortunately, humans are also at risk fr om this form of pollution, due to the fact that trash, which surfaces on the beach, can easily be stepped on. This garbage could (and does) contain such contaminates as syringes (Miller). In 1996, a dispute halted the dredging of shipping channels in New York and New Jersey. This allowed silt to pass into the channels and made them too small for large ships. One hundred eighty thousand jobs were threatened, as well as $20 billion in freight business (Bauman). The collapse of ocean fisheries is a major environmental problem. Environmental issues such as ocean dumping are a public concern. Ocean dumping is not only an issue of concern for America. The entire world must take a stand. International cooperation is vital for the preservation of marine life. Environmental concerns are evidenced to shape international treaties. The Montreal Protocol; the UN Summit on the Environment; agreements to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the World Trade Organization (WTO) attest to this fact (Burnett). There is a commonality in most global problems. This commonality occurs when

The naval blockade established by the US during the Cuban missile Research Paper - 1

The naval blockade established by the US during the Cuban missile crisis was the most effective strategy that forced the Soviet Union to remove the missiles from Cuba - Research Paper Example It prevented them from conducting nuclear tests on earth’s outer space, in the atmosphere or even under water. China had so much potential of developing nuclear weapons, to further this; they signed an agreement with Moscow. China was to provide uranium ores to Moscow and in exchange get help to advance its nuclear technology. By 1950’s, China started developing these weapons on their own. This remarkable advancement in nuclear technology china was able to develop the first hydrogen bomb in 1967. In the succeeding years, the Cultural Revolutions disrupted weapon development but other sectors like scientific fields and educational ones experienced slow advancements. Extend to which china had developed in nuclear power advancements remains uncertain. These nuclear weapons developed increased insecurity in the whole world2. After the Second World War, USA was the leading power and had all the potential including nuclear power and well-trained and equipped army. The Soviet Union wanted to counter USA’s influence on the rest of the world, and therefore, they settled on forming nuclear weapons that would deploy effectively the entire European continent. Soviet Union placed their station in Cuba that was more strategically located and would favor the transportation of materials more easily. They had plotted a scheme on how they would invade on USA. the battlefield chosen would give the soviets more chance to win West Berlin into the soviet orbit3. The Soviet Union secretly started to work on building missiles from their location in Cuba. They wanted to build on military power that would be more accurate and reliable as contrasted to that of the USA. They had plans to destroy the whole of the US continent. The nuclear technologically assembled missiles would be the most powerful, giving Soviet Union considerable advantage over the USA. The missiles that the US had constructed were unreliable

Salvador Dalis The Persistence of Memory and its Description Essay

Salvador Dalis The Persistence of Memory and its Description - Essay Example I would like to apply this knowledge to Dali’s The Persistence of Memory. There are certain elements of art and at the same time certain principles of design that depict this artwork as being one of the strongest examples of Surrealism. It is said that the idea for this painting occurred to Dali upon noting the melting of cheese, and he got the remaining elements in a dream. One interpretation could be that the use of melting watches as the subject matter indicates that Salvador Dali in this work used these objects as a reminder to the viewer that time is always fleeting and it is slipping away from us even as we speak or view the painting. At the same time, the clock literally is a very clear illustration of the time gone by which tells us of things that we cannot get back anymore or perhaps gives the notion of fleeting objects. At the same time, the use of a clock metaphorically can be attributed to our memories. Another interpretation that has been suggested is that this work shows the irrelevance of time while we sleep compared to our preoccupation with it during our waking hours. It is said that Dali painted this work in an era of his life in which he was influenced by Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytical theories about memory and the interpretation of dreams (Dali et al). It is not difficult to imagine the artist’s concept of a dreamlike state of time and memory being depicted through this painting. One can also relate this painting to the function of recall in memory- there are fleeting glimpses or feelings of having met someone before upon crossing them in the street and suddenly it all connects and the memory solidifies and becomes clear a bit later. Another oddity that can be pointed out is that while nearly all the clocks are shown melting away, the orange one on the extreme left of the wooden block is the only one that retains its shape. It is seen that ants have selected the center of it as a focal point of sorts. Perhaps this is depicting our  preoccupation with time during our waking hours by the artist.

Efforts to address the development of rural areas

Efforts to address the development of rural areas DEVELOPING RURAL AREAS Contents Introduction. Literature review Current efforts to address this problem locally Plan References Introduction. Rural social work is poised to face many challenges that make it difficult for a social worker to provide services to a needy person in the community. Oppression by the society and also other social classes in the society has caused the poor to be looked down upon in the society and thus becoming hard to get the best social services. In most of the cases that have been happening the women has seen a vast range of problems socially in the rural areas. Women and children have hence become the part of the population facing a lot of social problems. (Teasley, Archuleta Miller, 2014). The issue of a bad economy state has also been an obstacle to the providence of proper social services to the community. When inflation hits a country, it makes it hard and difficult for the rural community to survive with the raising prices of commodities. Lack of support from the authorities has also caused a lot of poor service development for the needy in the rural areas. Therefore it has been seen in many cases that the policies put into place do not really favor the rural communities. Taking for instance the policies to do with medical services, high medical services hit the poor in the society and hence lives get lost every now and then. For a good providence of social services to the rural community, resources have to be there. Lack of these resources render the social workers unable to access the areas with specific needs.an example of services that can be required is transport facilities for the social worker. If transport channels become a challenge for the social worker, it becomes hard for him/her to reach a good number of the rural population. (Witkin, 2014). Literature review Social working practice dates back to the ancient times where the church used to provide charity services to the community even before organizations dealing with social workers were formed. Social work was linked with the idea of charity work and by 580AD the church had already started charity work in the world and it was circulating food stuffs to the needy in the society.in the middle ages, the church become influential to the most parts of Europe and with time the practice of charity work become charity work in the 17th century. (Vanagas ÄŒiÃ…Â ¾ikienÄ-, 2015). Social work become a profession as well as people could now train to become social workers and serve the community.in the 19th century it became a profession in the united states as a movement began in the states and England. In this case a system was established in which the poor were sorted into different categories as idle poor, bodied poor and impotent poor.in this particular century, revolution especia lly in the industrial sector took place. (McPherson Cheatham, (2015). Therefore, technology and other scientific innovations came in to place and therefore a rural urban migration took place in those days in the western world. With this happening, social problems took course in the urban areas and therefore a missionary came into place to publicize and spread the Pentecost denominations ad therefore missioners attempted to come up with solutions for these problems in the urban areas because the cities were affected by prostitution, poverty and diseases. Therefore the church started activities like prayers and evangelism as it was releasing relief food to the poor in these areas. One of the people of steered up social work in the United States was Jane Adams who founded the US settlement house movement. Many schools to train people about social work came in to place at around 1915. This took place at the national conference of charities and corrections. After this, social work becam e a profession. (Parrish Oxhandler, 2015). Current efforts to address this problem locally Organizations have come up now days with different strategies to deal with the problem of social work degradation. Rural development is the first step that the authorities are working on to ensure that the rural community is reached through good roads and electrification. Infrastructure development is a key thing that the government and the authorities need to develop in the rural areas. Some of the rural areas have already seen some of these development. (Mazza, 2015). Another measure that is taken to address such problem is formation of organization to handle charity work and deal with the social work that is available in the rural areas. The organizations are governmental and some non-governmental organization. The non-governmental organizations dealing with social work are many in number and this has enabled the government to step up also and start other programs on the same. (Richards-Schuster, Ruffolo Nicoll, 2015). Social work organizations have been organizing visits to the rural areas where the elderly and those with special needs have seen help in many areas. Some of these areas include their health, financial assistance. This program has been carried mainly by the non-governmental organizations. Due to this, the government has also borrowed this idea and emerged with a strategy to start up a development fund for the elderly and the needy in the society as part of the social work development. With such efforts in place, the work of the so cial worker is boosted and he/she can gain the morale to do such work. The recognition that there are people in the society with special needs is what has been steering up charity work by companies and institutions through different sponsorships. (Suk bong, Ullah Won Jun, 2015). Plan Networking with other agencies is a consideration to take in order to be able to get sponsors for resources. This is because resources are an important factor to consider in order to be able to reach people from different parts of the society. Resources like enough money is a key factor to consider in order to be able to meet the people’s needs in the society.as social workers strive to meet the needs of the rural society, it’s better for necessary resources to be provided in order to have a good strategy for the development of the rural areas. The population census of a particular place can be taken and the number of people known. The population status should be taken and this knowledge should be made aware to the social workers because it will be at the end helpful to them. If the population of the rural society is known, the allocation of resources by the agencies will be easy and hence the needs of the people will be met. (Pitt-Catsouphes Cosner Berzin, 2015). Infrastructure development will always depend on the features of the place in which the target project is set to take place. The less the place is accessible the more it becomes difficult to channel transport pass ways and also electrification. The resources must be in line with the peoples preferences so that much money is not spend on trying to fund a project that is not feasible. The feasibility of the projects that help social work to gain an improvement is dependent on the adaptability of the place to welcome new ideas in the society which are helpful. Sometimes political issues can really hinder development of projects in the society and hence make potential investors and other helpful agencies to shun away from helping the society. When the needs of the people in the society have been accessed, a plan to meet these people periodically is put into place. For instance allocation of funds can be implemented in a way that every year at a particular period amount of money is allocated to these particular people maybe the elderly with particular needs. (Clarke Wydall, 2015). Apart from the providence of money, the agencies and the organizations can plan to give out other tangible commodities which can be helpful to the needy. Stuff like food and clothing can be an alternative to meet these people’s needs. At times we find some parts of the world affected and to be precise the rural society being struck by natural calamities. Places that are affected by calamities like earthquakes and flood get dented by misfortunes follow the people afterword. In this situation, social working can become very hard to conduct when there’s no proper channel to conduct them. Resources such as choppers to aid in the rescue of the survivors of such a calamity can be a challenge to acquire especially when the social workers are not registered with a particular organization to work as a team. Apart from all these, social workers can take their job with a passion and with this strive and get trainings which will be helpful to them as they provide services to the rural community. (Sullivan, Ryser Halseth, 2014). Training can be facilitated by the governing authority where the curriculum can be incorporated in the education system to make the present scholars equipped with these knowledge. Such training will be helpful for any social worker in the case of outbreaks of disasters like diseases and other calamities.in general terms the necessary thing to do in order to encourage the social work in the rural areas is to provide the social workers with the maximum corporation and support they need in order for them to gain that morale to serve the people. (Force-Emery Mackie, 2013). References Force-Emery Mackie, P. (2013). Hiring Social Work Faculty: An Analysis of Employment Announcements With Special Focus on Rural and Urban Differences and 2008 EPAS Implications. Journal Of Social Work Education, 49(4), 733-747. doi:10.1080/10437797.2013.812906 Sullivan, L., Ryser, L., Halseth, G. (2014). Recognizing Change, Recognizing Rural: The New Rural Economy and Towards a New Model of Rural Service. Journal Of Rural Community Development, 9(4), 219-245. Clarke, A., Wydall, S. (2015). From Rights to Action: practitioners perceptions of the needs of children experiencing domestic violence. Child Family Social Work, 20(2), 181-190. doi:10.1111/cfs.12066 Pitt-Catsouphes, M., Cosner Berzin, S. (2015). Teaching Note—Incorporating Social Innovation Content Into Macro Social Work Education. Journal Of Social Work Education, 51(2), 407-416. doi:10.1080/10437797.2015.1012947 Suk bong, C., Ullah, S. E., Won Jun, K. (2015). Ethical leadership and followers attitudes toward corporate social responsibility: the role of perceived ethical work climate. Social Behavior Personality: An International Journal, 43(3), 353-365. doi:10.2224/sbp.2015.43.3.353 Richards-Schuster, K., Ruffolo, M. C., Nicoll, K. L. (2015). Integrating Social Work Into Undergraduate Education Through a Community Action and Social Change Multidisciplinary Minor. Journal Of Social Work Education, 51(2), 329-342. doi:10.1080/10437797.2015.101293 Mazza, E. (2015). Experiences of Social Work Educators Working With Students With Psychiatric Disabilities or Emotional Problems. Journal Of Social Work Education, 51(2), 359-378. doi:10.1080/10437797.2015.1012935 Parrish, D. E., Oxhandler, H. K. (2015). Social Work Field Instructors’ Views and Implementation of Evidence-Based Practice. Journal Of Social Work Education, 51(2), 270-286. doi:10.1080/10437797.2015.1012943 Vanagas, R., ÄŒiÃ…Â ¾ikienÄ-, J. (2015). THE PECULIARITIES OF SOCIAL SERVICE ORGANIZATIONS DEVELOPMENT. International Journal Of Academic Research, 7(1), 24-30. doi:10.7813/2075-4124.2015/7-1/B.4 McPherson, J., Cheatham, L. P. (2015). One Million Bones: Measuring the Effect of Human Rights Participation in the Social Work Classroom. Journal Of Social Work Education, 51(1), 47-57. doi:10.1080/10437797.2015.977130 Teasley, M. L., Archuleta, A., Miller, C. (2014). Perceived Levels of Cultural Competence for School Social Workers: A Follow-Up Study. Journal Of Social Work Education, 50(4), 694-711. doi:10.1080/10437797.2014.947903 Witkin, S. L. (2014). Change and Deeper Change: Transforming Social Work Education. Journal Of Social Work Education, 50(4), 587-598. doi:10.1080/10437797.2014.947897

Patras and the Adriatic Sea :: Geography Greece History Papers

Patras and the Adriatic Sea Problems with format PATRAS ?Patras is a port city located in the Northern Achaia, standing as the gateway to the West for all of Greece. As the third largest Greek city, Patras plays an important role as the center of administrative and commercial activity for Western Greece. Standing in Northwest Peloponnese, Patras has become the link between the European Union and the East because of its prime geographic location. The climate is mild year round, but retains the same four seasons experienced in the United States. The city is over 3000 years old and has always had a unique culture because of its connection with Italy and the Ionian Islands. The footprint of the city was developed in very organized quadrants by Kapodistrias in 1829, and is separated into upper and lower portions. The upper is the original city, and extends down from a castle built during the 6th century. The castle was built upon the ruins of the acropolis on an extension from mount Panachaico. The inside of the castle has been converted into a park, providing the best view of the city on a clear day. ?The old city consists of Patras? wealthy and important homeowners and is less spontaneously scattered upon the hillside. Despite having a 3000-year history many of the old structures have been ruined, although the upper section is today well decorated with neoclassic homes. The entire city was burned and destroyed by the Turks during the 19th century war of Independence. The more organized lower section drops down to the coast and includes the cathedral and the port. The cathedral is very colorful and is named after the city?s patron, St. Andrew, rising high into the air and resting on the remnants of an old Christian Basilica. It sits next to an older church that stands on the remnants of a burnt down Byzantine church (dept. of computer engineering and informatics). The square of George I is the center of the low city and is one of many squares and parks in the area. Another largely famous park is Psila Alonia, ?the balcony? of Patras, a smaller square of palm tress encompassing a sundial. History: ?The name of the region, Achaia, comes from the Achaias that forced out the Ionians living in the region during the Mycenaean period. One of the Achaian leader?s sons was named Patreas, the eventual chief of the Achaians and the root of the city?

How Information Technology has Impacted My Daily Life Essay

In the twenty-first century, information technology (IT) is at the core of most business activities (Laube xiii). IT is also at the core of many personal activities. Like many U.S. Americans, my personal and professional activities relay heavily on the use of technology. From the alarm clock in the morning to the computer at work, technology plays a vital part of my everyday life. Technology enhances the ease and simplicity of activities and adds convenience to life. Although, when these technologies fail to operate correctly, they disrupt daily activities and hinder productivity. It is six in the morning and my cell phone rings. It is my alarm clock. Due to technological advances, I no longer have a need for a traditional alarm clock. I do not have to worry about waking up late because of a power outage at night. Although, if I forget to charge my cell phone battery or the volume is off, then this great convenience disrupts my daily routine. The cell phone has also eliminated my need for a land-line house phone. The cell phone is an immense expediency and allows me mobile contact with anyone, no matter where I am. In addition, the camera in my cell phone is extremely handy. This feature allows me capture a cute moment in time of my daughter at times when I would not normally have my regular camera with me. I can print, download, or send these pictures to friends and family. My cell phone also acts as a notepad and calculator. For example, if I am driving and think of something I need to write down, I can simply record myself a message and write it down later. This is not only a convenience, but also serves as a safety method. In addition, if I am in the store and need to calculate a sale price or total, I only need to go as far as my purse for assistance. The cell phone reduces my need for many other modern day conveniences and also reduces the number of items I have to carry in my purse. If my cell phone was lost or not operating correctly, it would terribly impede my daily activities because I depend on it for so many different matters. Besides the computer, the cell phone is one of the most utilized and revered technological devices in my life. The computer aids me both in my personal and professional life, as it is used for a vast variety of activities. I utilize the computer for work, fun,  relaxation, and money. I would be lost without a working computer and internet connection. At work, everything I do depends on using the computer. I use the computer to look up client information, log client contacts, run proposals and ledgers, keep up to date on industry and company happenings, and to stay in contact via email with clients and co-workers. At home, I use the computer for a number of different tasks. Tracking and logging my finances depends on computer usage, as I do my banking and pay bills online. This eliminates the need for paper statements and bills. Word processing programs and the internet enable me to complete homework assignments without even leaving the comfort of my own home. Email allows me to stay in contact with my group members for school as well. Computer technology also permits me to supplement my regular income by selling items online. Websites, such as ebay.com and half.com, make it quick and easy to earn money by selling stuff I no longer need or use. The computer is not all work and no play though. I use email to stay in contact with friends and family. The internet is used to play online games, watch television shows, or download music, all of which are a source of relaxation for me. Without a properly operating computer and internet connection, my life would be extremely difficult. Many peoples personal and professional lives revolve around technology, including mine. From cell phones to computers, the world depends on technology to survive. Technology serves as a means of communicating, gathering and obtaining information, and convenience. When these technologies fail though, daily life can be extremely difficult, or even disastrous, due to the immense dependence on technological devices. Work Cited: Laube, David R. and Raymond F. Zammuto, eds. Business Driven InformationTechnology: Answers to 100 Critical Questions for Every Manger. Stanford, CA: Stanford UP, 2003.